Ubuyobozi buhebuje buturuka kumagare meza ya 2025: Icyerekezo cyimbere

Iyi ngingo ni iyanyu - Umuyobozi wubucuruzi ashishoza ashakisha isoko Amagare meza yamashanyarazi ya 2025. Tuzagenda turenga kwamamaza no kwibira mubyiza rwose igare ry'amashanyarazi: Ubwubatsi, ibice, hamwe nuburyo bufatika buganisha kunguka no kunyurwa nabakiriya. Aka gatabo kazaguha ubushishozi bwumukoresha muguhitamo icyitegererezo cyiza, gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga ryingenzi, no kubaka ubucuruzi bwatsinze e-bike.

Ni iki gisobanura rwose "igare ryiza ryamashanyarazi" muri 2025?

Iyo abakiriya banjye, nka Dawidi, bansaba kubaka Uwiteka igare ryiza ryamashanyarazi, ikibazo cyabo ntabwo kiri hejuru cyane Umuvuduko wo hejuru cyangwa bateri nini. Barasaba ibicuruzwa byizewe, umutekano, kandi bitanga agaciro keza. The byiza muri rusange igare ry'amashanyarazi Kubaga umushyitsi ntabwo byanze bikunze arimwe hamwe ninzogera nyinshi. Nimwe ntigarukira kubisabwa byaranti, iyo yinjije ikarishye Isubiramo ry'amagare, hamwe nuwujuje ibyifuzo byihariye byateganijwe rider. Nukurinda neza imikorere, kuramba, nibiciro.

Kuva kumurongo, umusuka e-igare itangirana n'ikadiri. Ubushyuhe burahamye? Geometrie yagenewe umutekano no guhumurizwa? Noneho twimukira mubice byingenzi: moteri, bateri, nabagenzuzi. Ibi bigomba gukora mubwumvikane. Moteri ikomeye ntacyo imazeyo idafite bateri ishobora gutanga ikibanza cyuzuye kandi umugenzuzi atanga neza, itotititive ifasha amashanyarazi. Tumara amasaha atabarika yo kwipimisha ibintu bitandukanye kugirango tumenye neza torque yitabira kandi gutanga amashanyarazi byumva karemano, ntabwo ari jerky. The Amashanyarazi meza igare ni sisitemu yuzuye, yazengurutswe kuva kumugambi runaka.

Ikiganiro kirimo kandi gusobanukirwa inzira zisoko. Kuri 2025, turimo kubona icyifuzo kinini cyihariye. Ingano imwe-ikwiranye na byose e-igare ntagitema. Abakiriya bize cyane kandi barashaka a igare ridoda Kubuzima bwabo, yaba buri munsi ingendo, Icyumweru cyo Kumusozi, cyangwa gutanga ubucuruzi. Kubwibyo, Uwiteka byiza Kugirango ubucuruzi ari ugutanga guhitamo icyitegererezo cyiza mubyiciro by'ingenzi: abagenzi, imizigo, Amagare yo kumusozi, na ububikoing. Izi ngamba igufasha gufata abumva kandi shiraho ikirango cyawe nkinzobere.

Nigute ushobora guhitamo igare ryibikorwa byamashanyarazi kumato yawe?

Abagenzi b'imijyi, ni umwami. An Umukiriya w'amashanyarazi Bike bigomba kuba akazi, witeguye gukemura buri munsi muburyo bwose. Iyo uhiga a bike, intumbero igomba kuba ku bigize hasi byo kubungabunga nibihe bifatika. Shakisha Amagare hamwe Amatara y'imbere n'amaguru Kubwumutekano, fenders kugirango ukomeze rider isuku, hamwe na stugh inyuma kubatwara mudasobwa zigendanwa cyangwa ibiribwa. Ikadiri geometrie igomba gushyira imbere ihumure, akenshi igaragaza umwanya ugenda ugororotse cyangwa a Intambwe-ukoresheje ikadiri kugirango ushyireho no kuvugurura.

Hanyuma, tekereza kuri feri n'amapine. Kuri a abagenzi igare, hydraulic feri ya disiki barimo kuba ibisanzwe, itanga imbaraga zirenze imbaraga no kugenzura muburyo butose cyangwa bwumutse, nikintu kiranga umutekano mubi. The ipine Guhitamo nabyo ni ngombwa. Ubugari ipine hamwe no kurinda gucumbika gutanga impirimbanyi nziza yo guhumurizwa, gukora neza, no kuramba, kugabanya amahirwe yo kuringaniza ipine mu nzira yo gukora. Iyo twubatse a bike, turemeza ko ibintu byose byatoranijwe kugirango byoroherane kandi bigenderaho byoroshye, birema an igare ry'amashanyarazi ko abantu bashobora guterwa kumunsi kumunsi.

Amagare abyibushye ananiwe aracyari ishoramari ryiza kubitekerezo byo hanze?

Rwose. The ipine y'ibinure e-igare Igice gikomeje gutera imbere kuko gitanga uburyo butagereranywa. Aya magare ni suvs ya e-igare Isi. Amapine manini, yo hasi-yishyuwe atanga traction idasanzwe kandi areremba hejuru aho bisanzwe ipine yarohama, nk'umusenyi, shelegi, n'ibyondo. Ibi bituma bituma bahitamo kutabigenewe gusa nimijyi yo mu nyanja hamwe nuturere twa shelegi, ariko na kimwe rider gushakisha ihamye, nziza, kandi ikizere-giteye ubwoba kumucyo Umuhanda Koresha.

Iyo usuzuma a ipine y'ibinure igare ry'amashanyarazi, witondere cyane ikadiri na fork. Uburemere bwongeweho no guhangayikishwa ninziga nini bisaba kubaka bikomeye. Ibyiza guhagarikwa nabyo birasabwa gukurura ingaruka no gukumira kugendera kubyumva ubusumbato cyangwa butagenzuwe, cyane cyane muburyo butaringaniye. Moteri igomba gutanga hejuru torque Kugirango ubone ibyo biziga biremereye bimuka, cyane cyane uhereye kumuvuduko cyangwa kuri Imisozi. Moteri ikomeye, ihujwe no kwitabira torque, hemeza ko igare ryumva ushoboye kandi ridafite ubunebwe.

Ku bucuruzi, ipine y'ibinure Amagare ni amahitamo meza yo gukodesha cyangwa ibicuruzwa byo gucuruza kubakiriya bashyira imbere kwishimisha no kwidagadura hejuru yihuta. Barasaba demokarasi yagutse, bava mu nzira abagendera ku bashakashatsi basanzwe. Mugihe badashobora gukora neza mugihe kirekire ingendo kuri kaburimbo, ubushobozi bwabo bwo kujya ahantu hose bibatera bidasanzwe kandi byifuzwa cyane Ubwoko bwa gare. Barema uburambe bwo gutwara budashoboka gusa mubuzima busanzwe igare.

Ni ubuhe buryo bushya bwo gushushanya amagare yo mu misozi miremire?

Isi ya Amagare yo mu misozi (EMTB) niho tubona zimwe mu iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rishimishije. Kuri 2025, intumbero iri mukurema a igare ibyo byumva bisa na gakondo Amagare yo kumusozi, ariko hamwe ninyungu zongeweho Imbaraga z'amashanyarazi. Ibi bivuze ko amakadiri yoroshye, bateri hamwe na sisitemu ya moteri na moteri, kandi ihanitse cyane guhagarikwa ikoranabuhanga. Abakora bakoresha ibikoresho byateye imbere nka fibre ya karubone hamwe na aluminiyumu alloys kugirango bareme Umucyo nyamara amakadiri akomeye.

Umukino ukomeye wabaye ubwihindurize bwa moteri yo hagati kandi torque. Bitandukanye na moteri ya Hub, moteri yo hagati yo hagati ikoresha imbaraga mu Crank, igabanya ibikoresho bya gare. Ibi bitanga uburyo busanzwe kandi bukora neza, bukaba bukomeye kuri tekiniki Amagare yo kumusozi. Bigezweho torque Sisitemu irashobora gupima ingufu za pedal pedaling pedal hamwe nubushishozi budasanzwe, gutanga ubufasha bungana bumva ko ari indamunite. Intego ni ukugukanga imbaraga za rider, ntusimbuze, gukora kuzamuka Imisozi no kuyobora tekiniki Inzira z'umusozi byinshi birashoboka kandi biranezeza.

Iterambere guhagarikwa ni akandi gace k'ingenzi. Ubu turabona Emtbs hamwe nimbere cyane kandi Guhagarikwa sisitemu zagenewe byumwihariko kugirango ukoreshe uburemere bwinyongera numuvuduko mwinshi wa an igare ry'amashanyarazi. Ibi birimo ibiranga nkibintu byangiza-bifatanye na chassis ikomeye. Iterambere rihindura imirongo hagati ya gakondo kandi Amagare yo mu misozi, gukurura abagendera ku cyiciro. Kubucuruzi, gutanga emtb nziza ya emtb nka Yonlande RZ700 Yihuta Amashanyarazi Ebike irashobora gukurura umukiriya wahariwe kandi uha agaciro umukiriya.

Kuki kuzinga amagare amashanyarazi yiyongera?

Kuzamuka kwa Kuzimya igare ryamashanyarazi ni igisubizo kiziguye kubibazo byubuzima bwimijyi bugezweho. Kubantu baba mu gihe cyangwa bashingira ku modoka rusange bagize igice cyabo ingendo, ingano yuzuye igare ni ngombwa. A Kuzimya igare ikemura iki kibazo neza. Irashobora gutwarwa byoroshye muri gari ya moshi, yabitswe munsi yintebe kumurimo, cyangwa yashyizwe mu kabati nto murugo. Ubushobozi bwo ububiko igare mumasegonda ni ikintu kinini cyoroshye.

Duhereye ku gishushanyo, ikibazo ni ugukora a Kuzimya igare ibyo ni byombi Umucyo n'imiterere. The ububikoIng Mechanism ubwayo igomba kuba ikomeye kandi byoroshye gukoresha. Dushora cyane mubuhanga bwiyi hinge na sisitemu yo gufunga kugirango barebe ko bafite umutekano kandi baramba kubibazo byibihumbi. Ibyiza Kuzimya igare ryamashanyarazi moderi ntabwo ibangamira ubuziranenge. Bakoresha igishushanyo mbonera kugirango bagerageze kandi byoroshye kumva neza, nubwo bafite ibiziga bito hamwe nuburyo budasanzwe.

Ku mucuruzi cyangwa serivisi yo gukodesha, a Kuzimya e-Bike Gufungura igice gishya cyamasoko: Modeli-Modal abagenzi. Aba ni abatwara bashobora gutwara cyangwa gufata gari ya moshi mumujyi bagakoresha ibyabo e-igare kuri "kilometero yanyuma" aho yerekeza. Kamere yoroshye yibi Amagare Bituma bakundwa hamwe nubwato na RV. Ibyokurya byo kuba mubishoboye ububiko Ubwikorezi bwawe bukabifata ahantu hose hari ingingo ikomeye ijyanye no gutwara ibisabwa.

Niki ukwiye gushakisha mumagare yo hejuru yimodoka?

The Imizigo y'amashanyarazi icyiciro cya gare ni kimwe mu bice byiyongera cyane muri Isoko rya e-Bike, kandi kubwimpamvu. Ibi Amagare ni uguhindura ibikoresho byo mumijyi no gutwara abantu. Iyo mvuganye nabakiriya nka David kubyerekeye Hurcing Amagare, ibiganiro byacu byahise bihinduka imbaraga, imbaraga, n'umutekano. Ikadiri ni inyuma. Igomba kurenganura kugirango ikemure ibiro byinshi, yaba abana, ibiribwa, cyangwa ibicuruzwa byubucuruzi. Reba igituba gishimangiwe hamwe n'ikigo gito cya rukuruzi ku buremere.

Moteri na bateri ni ngombwa. A imizigo e-igare bisaba moteri hamwe na moteri torque gukemura imitwaro iremereye, cyane cyane kuri interineti. Bateri ifite ubushobozi buke kandi igomba gutanga umusaruro ibirometero N'igihe byuzuye byuzuye. Ariko imbaraga ntakintu kidafite uburenganzira. Sisitemu ya feri irahuye. Imbaraga hydraulic feri ya disiki, akenshi hamwe naba rotor nini, ntabwo baganirwaho kuri a imizigo igare. Batanga imbaraga zikenewe zo kuzana igare riremereye kugera kumutekano kandi ugenzurwa.

Kurenga Ibyingenzi, Ibiranga bifatika Sobanura Ukomeye Bike. Ibi birimo bikomeye igare cyangwa ingote ishobora gushyigikira igare mugihe yapakira no gupakurura, gucana, hamwe na Verisile inyuma yimodoka cyangwa agasanduku k'imbere. Moderi zimwe, nka Versiatile yacu Ikamyo ya mini 1.5m Amashanyarazi 3Ibya ebike, bamejwe byumwihariko kubintu byingirakamaro, batanga uruziga ruhamye rwibiziga buhamye kugirango bakore ubushobozi. Kubicuruzi bifitanye isano no gutanga cyangwa imiryango ishaka gusimbuza imodoka, hateguwe neza Imizigo y'amashanyarazi igare ni ishoramari rihinduka.

Ni kangahe ibyemezo byumutekano (UL, IC, en) kuri e-amagare?

Ibi birashoboka ko ikibazo gikomeye umuguzi ashobora kubaza, kandi umwe tuganira ku burebure nabafatanyabikorwa banjye bose. Impamyabumenyi ntabwo ari ibirango gusa ku gasanduku; Ni ibyiringiro byawe byumutekano nubwiza. Ku isoko rya Amerika, UL Icyemezo (cyane cyane UL 2849 kuri byose e-igare Sisitemu na UL 2271 kuri bateri) iba ibipimo bya zahabu. Bivuze igare ry'amashanyarazi'Bateri, moteri, n'umugenzuzi bapimanyi bakomeye kugira ngo bakumire umuriro n'amashanyarazi. Gutesha agaciro Amagare ni ingaruka nini mubucuruzi bwawe nabakiriya bawe.

Mu Burayi, Ikimenyetso CE cyahujwe na en 15194 ni urufunguzo. En 15194 igaragaza ibisabwa n'umutekano hamwe nuburyo bwo kwipimisha bwo gufata amashanyarazi afashijwe (EPANC). Ikubiyemo ibintu byose kuva imbaraga zubukanishi kubikorwa bya ifasha amashanyarazi. Nkumukoresha, kubahiriza aya mahame nishoramari rikomeye mubikoresho byo kugerageza no kugenzura inzira, ariko ni ngombwa kugirango ubone isoko ryifashe neza no kubaka ikirango cyizewe.

Iyo usuzumye utanga isoko, ntukabifate gusa ijambo ryayo. Saba kubona ibyangombwa. Uruganda ruzwi ruzaba ruzaboneka byoroshye. Aya mahame yemeza ko Uwiteka feri Sisitemu ikora neza, ikadiri ntizigera inanirwa, kandi sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ifite umutekano. Kwirengagiza izi mpamyabumenyi kugirango ubike amadorari make kuri igiciro cya gare ni ingamba ziboneye zishobora gutuma ibicuruzwa bibutsa, amahirwe yo gushyiraho amategeko, kandi yangiza bidahwitse ku izina ryawe. Shyira imbere ibicuruzwa byemewe nishingiro ryubucuruzi burambye muri e-igare inganda.

Amagare yashushanyijeho e-igare: Ni irihe somo rikwiriye isoko ryawe?

Gusobanukirwa ibitandukanye e-igare Amasomo nibyingenzi kugirango uhitemo ibicuruzwa bikwiye mukarere kawe. Muri Amerika, sisitemu y'ibyiciro bitatu ifasha kugenzura aho nuburyo Amagare irashobora gutwarwa. Ni ngombwa gutanga moderi zihuza amategeko yibanze kugirango abakiriya bawe babishoboke Kugendera igare byemewe kandi neza.

Icyiciro 1 Amagare ni kenshi byemewe cyane, byemewe kuri benshi Inzira zo mu magare Kandi inzira aho ibindi binyabiziga bifite moteri bibujijwe. Batanga ubufasha bwa pedal kugeza 20 mph. Icyiciro cya 2 Amagare ufite kandi umuvuduko ufashijwe 20 mph, ariko harimo trottle, yemerera Uwiteka rider kwimuka nta pedal. Iki nikintu cyiza cyo kugerwaho cyangwa kubona intangiriro yihuse kuri intersection. Icyiciro cya 2 Amagare birazwi cyane kubwidagaduro no gukodesha.

Icyiciro cya 3 e-amagare zubatswe kumuvuduko, gutanga ubufasha bwa pedal kugeza kuri Bristo 28 mph. Ibi birakwiriye cyane kubagendera ku bunararibonye bakeneye kugendana na traffic kumihanda mugihe cyabo ingendo. Kubera ibyabo Umuvuduko mwinshi, akenshi bigarukira kubera inzira nyinshi zo gukoresha. Gutanga kuvanga Icyiciro 1 kandi Icyiciro cya 2 Amagare ni ingamba itekanye kumasoko menshi, hamwe nicyiciro cya 3 cyitegererezo gikora umukiriya wa Niche, ushingiye kumikorere.

Niki gituma bateri na moteri zishingiye kuri sisitemu yizewe?

Umutima wa buri wese igare ry'amashanyarazi ni bateri yacyo na moteri. Nkumukora, aha niho twibandaho cyane imbaraga zacu zo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Bateri yizewe itangirana na selile imbere. Twegura ingirabuzimafatizo abafatanijwe bazwi nka Samsung, LG, na Panasonic. Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) nibwonko bwa bateri. Umutekano wo mu rwego rwo hejuru urinda ingirabuzimafatizo zirenze, zisohoza hejuru, no kwishyurwa cyane, ari ingenzi ku mutekano no kuramba. Iyo ugana Amagare, burigihe ubaze kubyerekeye inderure selire hamwe nibisobanuro bya BMS. Inkomoko ikomeye nk'agaciro Bateri yo muri ebike ya ebike ni urufunguzo rwo kugurisha.

Kuri moteri, kwiringirwa hazamanuka kubaka ubuziranenge nigishushanyo mbonera. Shakisha moteri hamwe nibikoresho bikomeye byimbere (ibyuma, ntabwo nylon, kubisabwa-torque) nibimenyetso byiza kugirango birinde amazi n'umukungugu. Ariko, urutonde rwa Wattage ya Wattage rushobora kuyobya. Torque, yapimwe muri meters nshya (NM), nicyo kimenyetso cyiza cyane cyimikorere nyayo ya moteri, cyane cyane ubushobozi bwayo bwo kuzamuka imisozi. Igare rifite ubuhanga torque Buri gihe uzatanga uburambe bwiza kurenza umwe hamwe na cadence yoroshye, kuko ihuye nibisohoka byihutirwa kugirango uhabishe imbaraga zawe, ugenda neza.

Umugenzuzi nintwari itavuzwe ihuza sisitemu hamwe. Icunga urujya n'uruza rw'imbaraga ziva kuri bateri kugera kuri moteri zishingiye ku byinjiza kuva mu kamba cyangwa torque. Umugenzuzi wateguwe neza aratanga kwihuta neza kandi arinda ibindi bigize imihangayiko. Iyo turi gupiganira amagare, tumara umwanya munini-tuning algorithm ya algorithm kugirango yemeze ko gutanga amashanyarazi ari byiza kubigenewe Imiterere ya gare. Iyi sturgy hagati ya bateri, moteri, numugenzuzi nibyo bitandukanya E-igare ryiza ibirango bivuye mu buruhukiro.

Nigute ushobora gufatanya nuwabikoze kugirango utsinde igihe kirekire?

Kubona Iburyo igare ry'amashanyarazi ni kimwe cya kabiri cy'intambara. Kubona umufatanyabikorwa wibikorwa nibyo wubaka ubucuruzi bwatsinze, burebure. Umubano wanjye mwiza wumukiriya, nkuwo mfite na David, zubakwa kubirenze ibikorwa; Bashingiwe ku kwizerana, gushyikirana, no ku ntego. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza ni kwagura ikipe yawe. Bagomba gutanga itumanaho risobanutse kandi rihamye, bakumenyesha imikorere yumusaruro no gukemuriza gukemurwa.

Shakisha uruganda rutanga guhinduka no gushyigikirwa. Ibi birashobora kubamo amahitamo yo kuranga OED, akwemerera kubaka umurongo wawe bwite Amagare, cyangwa guhindura ibisobanuro kugirango wuzuze ibyifuzo byihariye byisoko ryawe. Urufunguzo, baza kubyerekeye inkunga yabo yo kugurisha. Politiki yabo ya garanti niyihe? Nigute byoroshye kuboneka ibice nka bateri, abashinzwe kugenzura, cyangwa nimbuto zihariye na bolts? Utanga isoko udashobora gutanga ibice byizewe bizagutererana kandi abakiriya bawe bahagaze. Niyo mpamvu dukomeza kubara kwimbitse, kuva byuzuye Sibike Sisitemu Kuri elegitoroniki.

Ubwanyuma, urashaka umufatanyabikorwa ushora mubutsinzi bwawe. Bagomba kuba biteguye gusangira ubumenyi bwabo, bakakugira inama ku bijyanye n'isoko, no kugufasha kugenda ibintu bigoye mu buryo mpuzamahanga. Iyo ubonye uwabikoze ukora nkumukunzi wukuri, ntabwo ugura an gusa igare ry'amashanyarazi; Urimo wubaka urunigi rutanga umusaruro hamwe nurufatiro rwo gukura. Nuyu mwuka ufatanye uhindura gahunda yoroshye yo kugura muburyo butera imbere, burambye.

Gufata Byinshi Gukuramo Inkomoko muri 2025

• Wibande kuri Sisitemu: Ikinyabiziga "cyiza" ni uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere myiza, moteri yizewe, bateri nziza, na bateri nziza, na inzego zibanga. Ntukinyeganyega numubare umwe-munini.
• Byiza amaturo yawe: Isoko rirakuze. Tanga guhitamo abagenzi, umusozi, ipine y'ibinure, kuzenguruka, n'amagare magare kugirango uhuze ibyo abakiriya babikeneye.
• Shyira imbere ibyemezo byumutekano: Ntuzigere utandukana kumutekano. Gushimangira ibyemezo byemewe nka UL 2849 kuri Amerika na EN 15194 ku Burayi. Irinda ubucuruzi bwawe nabakiriya bawe.
• Sobanukirwa na E-Bike: Shyira invange y'icyiciro 1 n'icyiciro cya 2 e-bikes ku bucukuzi bwagutse, hanyuma utekereze icyiciro cya 3 cyo kwibanda ku bafatanyabikorwa bibandwaho mu mikorere, bose mu gihe bakurikiza amategeko yaho.
• Reba hejuru ya gare: Ubwiza bwuwabikoze ni ngombwa nkubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Shakisha umufatanyabikorwa muremure utanga itumanaho ryiza, nyuma yo kugurisha, hamwe nibice byizewe byibice.